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A voice and a place of one’s own: women, knowledge and empowerment in Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre par Christine Vandamme, publié le 17/12/2023
The article deals with women and knowledge in Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre (1847). The novel was quite revolutionary in its time for its strong assertion of female agency and self-empowerment and a keen perception of power dynamics inherent in the definition of gender and gender roles. However considering Jane Eyre through the sole prism of a novel of emancipation only dealing with women’s rights and aspirations would be reductive. Jane Eyre’s fiery narrative is a strong plea against all forms of intersectional oppression in Victorian times despite its own unconscious bias relative to ethnicity and the colonial question notably.
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Feminist and queer studies: Judith Butler’s conceptualisation of gender par Marilou Niedda, publié le 02/10/2020
This article is an introduction to Judith Butler's conception of gender: central to Butler's theory is the difference between sex and gender and the conception of gender as performance. The article also explores the impact of her work on queer theory.
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“Television is more suited to tell women’s stories”: A conversation with Frances McDormand par Frances McDormand, publié le 23/03/2020
Frances McDormand, an American actress and producer, was invited to the Festival Lumière in Lyon in 2019. She gave a Masterclass in which she talked about being an actress in Hollywood, gender representation and the inclusion rider.
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War, Catharsis, Peace: Ancient Greek Visions and 21st Century Violence par Christine Froula, publié le 12/03/2020
This presentation brings together an American play and an American film inspired by Greek plays: Aeschylus’s Suppliants and Aristophanes’s Lysistrata. Charles Mee’s gripping drama Big Love (2000) animates the plot of The Suppliants to explore the violence of the American socio-economic sex/gender system, moving from male violence to female violence to catharsis to peace. The title of Spike Lee’s brilliant, urgent, visionary utopian film Chi-Raq (2015) names Chicago’s horrific neighborhood gang wars and America’s imperial violence in one angry word and empowers its heroine, Lysistrata, to organize the neighborhood women to seize arms, treasure and the power of language in order to stop the gang warfare that, in real life as in the film, destroys children and young men in our city every day.
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Roundtable on Literary Studies in the United States par Christine Froula, Sandra Gustafson, publié le 12/09/2019
Christine Froula (Northwestern University) and Sandra Gustafson (University of Notre Dame) were guest lecturers at the ENS de Lyon in May 2019 and participated in a roundtable on Literary Studies in the US today. The roundtable was moderated by Vanessa Guignery and François Specq, both Professors at the ENS.
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We’re Going on a Bear Hunt: Traditional and Counter-traditional Aspects of a Classic Children’s Book par Véronique Alexandre, publié le 07/07/2017
The read-aloud book We’re Going on a Bear Hunt, “retold” by Michael Rosen and illustrated by Helen Oxenbury designed for very young children may be unlikely teaching material for EFL students in French middle and senior schools. But if studied in conjunction with the video released by The Guardian in 2014 to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the book, and if additional literary and artistic references are brought into the lesson plan, the teaching project may prove rewarding on many levels.
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The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance / L'Homme qui tua Liberty Valance (John Ford -1962) par Lionel Gerin, publié le 26/02/2015
John Ford est l'un des plus grands, sans contestation possible. Citons Orson Welles, interviewé sur les cinéastes importants à ses yeux, qui répondait:"Les vieux maîtres, c'est à dire John Ford, John Ford et John Ford." L'Homme qui tua Liberty Valance est l'avant-dernier western de John Ford est l'un de ses derniers films. Ford a contribué, et comment!, à forger la légende de l'ouest, il en est l'un des "inventeurs". Il est donc passionnant de voir son regard vieillissant sur le genre et les thèmes qu'il affectionne: la loi et son avènement, opposée au "wild west", la vieillesse, la fidélité, la vérité et la légende, la "naissance d'une nation", d'une communauté, la violence et son usage.
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For another Hysterature par Emilie Notéris, publié le 17/12/2012
Since the question of women’s freedom in writing, or “Why stories of transgression or women’s assertions of freedom are less tolerated than those of men?” only highlight ordinary male chauvinism (the answer to the question is undeniably related to cultural issues), I prefer to focus on the counter strategies that can be deployed in response to the insults made to women, like the one Eileen Myles describes in her introduction to I love Dick by Chris Kraus, What about Chris?: “She’s turned female abjection inside out and aimed it at a man.” In other words, rather than identifying the reasons for the violent reception of women’s transgressive writing, I prefer to think about the strategies that can flow from them.
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Not Looking for Love par Chris Kraus, publié le 17/12/2012
As women, we are often identified through our choice of sexual partners. When an “attractive” woman has sex with an ugly man, it is a descent into “abjection.” But why? Clearly, it is because as women, we are still believed to attain most of our identities through sexuality. In the present assimilationist climate, any non-monogamous, non-relational sexual act is read as a symptom of emotional damage. Our culture persists in believing that sex holds the magic key to a person’s identity — which is, of course, wrong — and in behaving as if female writers are uniquely charged with upholding the sacred intimacy of the sexual act.
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The Words of the Flesh par Wendy Delorme, publié le 11/12/2012
There are people who write from the place that they have been assigned. Some of them with rage so as to get away from it; others, by contrast, who follow the path that has been mapped out for us. There are those who would rather stay on the margin of that space, away from the feminine, off-centered, but are then dragged back to it, kicking and screaming. Their words are women's words, words that are situated. The masculine remains the universal reference. Feminine words stay in the realm of the singular, indexed to the gender of who said them.
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Declaration of Disinclinations par Lynne Tillman, publié le 11/12/2012
I like the theoretical ideal of neutrality, of non-hierarchical thinking. I’d like to be a writer, a person, but I am not. None of this naming is my choice. I’m a woman, “still” or I’m “only a woman.” “A good, bad woman, a silly, frivolous woman, an intelligent woman, a sweet woman, a harridan, bitch, whore, a fishmonger, gossipy woman. A woman writer.” What is “a woman writer”? Does “woman” cancel or negate “writer”? Create a different form of writer? Or does “woman” as an adjective utterly change the noun “writer”? “Man writer”? Not used. “Male writer,” rarely employed. Are there “man books” being read in “man caves?” OK, I declare: I’m a woman who writes, a person who writes. But how am I read?
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Beauty, Intensity, Asymmetry par François Chaignaud, publié le 16/02/2012
"Beauty, Intensity, Asymmetry are born in my mouth like three goddesses ripe for veneration - far more than Identity, Gender, or Transgression, and utterly different from them. But this Beauty, of which we know only that some wish to buy but never to sell it, much less allow it to disappear or cause it to flee - nor to be the man or woman who no longer possesses anything but memories of it - is she a prescriptive goddess?"
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Beauty Contest - Human Beauty and its Social Construction par François Chaignaud, Jon-Jon Goulian, Silke Grabinger, Gressett Salette, publié le 20/01/2012
Les arts visuels, la mode et les médias ont largement contribué à la transformation de la notion de beauté au cours des dernières générations - la beauté ayant été traditionnellement perçue comme une extension de la féminité jusqu'à la fin du XXe siècle. Le féminisme et les mouvements gay, lesbien et queer ont brouillé les définitions de ce qui (et qui) est beau et ou ce qui (et qui) ne l'est pas. Les intervenants exploreront les réflexions et pratiques émancipatrices ayant contribué à révéler les structures cachées de la répression dans les domaines du genre, de la race et de l'âge, et ébranlé certains préjugés iconographiques obsolètes. Visual arts, fashion and media have strongly contributed to the transformation of the notion of beauty over the last few generations. Widely perceived of as an extension of femininity until the late 20th century, feminism and the gay, lesbian and queer movements have eroded clear definitions of who and what is beautiful - and who and what is not. French historian, dancer and choreographer François Chaignaud, American author of The Man in the Grey Flannel Skirt Jon-Jon Goulian, Austrian dancer and choreographer Silke Grabinger, and Salette Gressett, curatorial advisor for the exhibition at the Austrian Cultural Forum, will discuss how emancipatory artistic reflection and practice has fought to reveal the hidden structures of repression toward gender, race, and age and shake off antiquated visual preconceptions.
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The Black Panther Party's fight against medical discrimination par Alondra Nelson, Claire Richard, publié le 09/01/2012
Claire Richard asks Alondra Nelson about a neglected and yet essential legacy of the Black Panther Party. When the party emerged in 1966, the Jim Crow laws had been dismantled and there was no legal support for discrimination in the United States, but there were still segregated practices within the healthcare sector. As the saying goes, when America has a cold, African Americans have pneumonia. The Black Panthers fought for healthcare equality as a way to achieve social justice. Alondra Nelson tells us about the clinics they created where they did basic healthcare but also screening and vaccination programs. They were asking for a universal healthcare system which the USA still don't have today...
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Wayne Koestenbaum - Notes on Affinity par Wayne Koestenbaum, publié le 18/04/2011
Wayne Koestenbaum (États-Unis), poète, romancier et essayiste, est l'auteur d'une œuvre protéiforme et subversive qui explore les multiples facettes de l'identité américaine à travers de nombreux thèmes (les arts, la célébrité, les gender studies...) et où se mêlent les cultures littéraire, artistique, musicale et populaire. Dans Hotel Theory, il met en regard une enquête philosophique sur les hôtels et le récit d'une rencontre improbable entre deux icônes de la culture américaine : l'actrice mythique Lana Turner et la star du music-hall Liberace.
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King Lear comme fable par Gérard Hocmard, publié le 18/01/2010
Pièce hors normes, Le Roi Lear a trouvé une résonance particulière dans le monde contemporain. Mais la construction se résume à une suite de confrontations; les personnages n'ont pas toujours beaucoup d'épaisseur et la catharsis attendue fait place à une série de paraboles qui s'emboîtent les unes dans les autres, tandis que le langage semble échapper aux protagonistes pour insister sur ce qui en l'homme est humanité et sur l'importance du lien social. En fait, toute la technique dramatique semble au service d'un récit à caractère de conte, un peu comme celui que Mamillius définira comme « un conte d'hiver » dans la pièce éponyme. Il est permis de considérer Le Roi Lear comme une fable splendide et cruelle et là peut-être se trouve le secret de la fascination que la pièce exerce.
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Gender and genre in Frances Hodgson Burnett’s The Secret Garden par Marion Boucher, publié le 22/06/2009
Questions of genre and gender lie at the heart of The Secret Garden, which plays on different cultural and literary influences, and questions the ideological and social context in which it is inscribed.
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La Créature : problématique de l'être artificiel par Georges Zaragoza, publié le 18/10/2007
Après avoir souligné la monstruosité du docteur Frankenstein, Georges Zaragoza se penche sur sa créature pour révéler, à travers son discours, ce qu'il y a d'humain dans cet être artificiel. L'article qui suit est une version d'un cours de Georges Zaragoza adapté par Kevin Pinault pour La clé des langues. Les numéros de pages des citations de Frankenstein renvoient à l'édition Penguin Classics, 1992.
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